History of wire drawing

Since the discovery of metals in human history, one of the main challenges has been shaping and transforming these metals. One of the oldest methods for shaping metals is drawing. In this method, the metal is drawn through cone-shaped holes, and its length increases at each step as the diameter decreases. This method, originally performed using human or animal power, not only altered the cross-sectional area of the metal but also enhanced its mechanical properties and strength. Currently, this process is performed using advanced wire-drawing machinery, which operates on the same principle as the traditional method but with increased accuracy and speed.

Function of wire drawing machine

A wire drawing machine is a crucial tool in the metalworking industry, used to decrease the diameter and increase the length of metal wires. This process involves passing the wire through a series of dies with smaller diameters. The main steps of the wire drawing are:

  1. Raw wire preparation: Metal wires are cleaned and lubricated before entering the machine. This process involves descaling and applying suitable lubricants, such as lubricating powders. These steps are crucial for extending the lifespan of the dies and enhancing the quality of the drawing.
  2. Passing through the drawing dies: The wire passes through the drawing dies, causing its diameter to gradually decrease. The dies are typically made of tungsten carbide and feature a polished surface along with an appropriate taper angle.
  3. Coiling the final wire: The drawn wire is coiled at the end of the process and prepared for subsequent steps.

Specifications of SR300 pulling and straightening machine

  • Standard vertical pay-off
  • Suitable for wire diameters of 5 to 8 mm
  • Equipped with hydraulic coil placement unit
  • Strong descaling system
  • Two pulling drums to reduce the wire diameter to the desired size
  • A PLC and inverter control system for precise control of all production process
  • A separate lubrication section for ease of production process
  • A straightening and cutting machine equipped with a flow cutter
  • A touch panel for monitoring the entire production process (including production speed, number of bars, bar length, etc.)
  • A knurling unit to convert simple wires into rebar
  • A high-power 15 kW motor
  • 90-degree gearboxes for smooth and silent power transmission
  • Using an encoder system to calculate the length of the bar
  • The length of the machine is 15 meters and its width is 1.5 meters
  • The speed of the production line is between 50 and 80 meters per minute and is adjustable
  • 50 amps Electricity required
  • Only one operator required
wire drawing machine

Methods of wire drawing

The traditional method with dies and lubricant powders:

In this method, the wire is drawn by passing it through a die and using powdered lubricants. The maximum linear speed in this method is limited to about 120 meters per minute, as increasing the speed generates excessive heat at the drawing site, leading to issues such as wire breakage. This method remains popular in various industries for its simplicity and cost-effectiveness.

New method with cold rolling (Micro Rolling Cassettes)

In advanced drawing machines, cold rolling is accomplished using roller cassettes. With reduced friction and the rolling process, the drawing speed can reach up to 250 meters per minute. While this method offers significant advantages, the high cost of machinery and drawing rollers remains a drawback. However, it is well-suited for high-volume and high-quality production.

Applications of wire drawing machine

Wire drawing machine is used in various industries, including:

  • Metal mesh manufacturing: In production of BRC metal mesh, mesh trays, gabion walls, and industrial fences.
  • Cable and wire manufacturing: Used in the electrical and telecommunications industries for the production of copper and aluminum cables.
  • Spring manufacturing: Production of industrial springs using high-strength drawn wires.
  • Industrial parts manufacturing: In the automotive and tooling industries for the production of precision parts.

Advantages of using a wire drawing machine

  • Increased product quality: Drawn wires feature a smooth and uniform surface, enhancing the product's final quality.
  • Cost reduction: Improving the production process and minimizing waste can decrease the overall cost of production.
  • High flexibility: This is suitable for drawing various metals, including steel, copper, aluminum, and brass.
  • High durability and productivity: The device features a durable design and high-quality materials, which enhance its lifespan.

Key Considerations for Selecting and Maintaining a Wire Drawing Machine

  • Selecting the right machine: Choose the appropriate machine based on the type of metal and production requirements. For a free consultation, call +989152804450.
  • Periodic maintenance: Regularly cleaning the machine and timely replacing molds prevents premature failure.
  • Use the right lubricant: Using lubricants properly enhances the quality of drawing and extends the device's lifespan.
  • Employee training: Providing employees with training on how to use the device effectively enhances productivity.

The wire drawing machine is crucial in the metal industry, playing a key role in producing high-quality wires. Choosing the right machine and adhering to maintenance principles can significantly enhance productivity and product quality. These machines, with their diverse technologies, address the various needs of manufacturers across different industries and contribute to the improvement of production processes.